Closely monitor vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, for at least 30 minutes post-nebulisation. Observe for any signs of hypotension or electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia. Frequent monitoring is especially critical in patients with pre-existing cardiac or renal conditions.
Assess the patient’s fluid status by checking for signs of dehydration or fluid overload. Pay close attention to urine output – a decrease may indicate dehydration or renal dysfunction. Increased urine output is expected, but excessive diuresis needs careful management.
Regularly evaluate the patient’s respiratory status. Note any improvement in dyspnea or wheezing. Auscultate lung sounds to detect any new or worsening abnormalities.
Check serum electrolytes (potassium, sodium, chloride) before and after nebulisation, especially if repeated treatments are required. Potassium supplements may be necessary to prevent hypokalemia, a common side effect. Frequent blood tests may be needed depending on patient response.
| Vital Signs (HR, BP, RR) | Every 5 minutes for 30 minutes, then hourly for the next few hours | Report significant changes to the physician immediately |
| Urine Output | Measure hourly for at least 4 hours | Monitor for oliguria or anuria; adjust fluid balance as needed |
| Electrolytes (K+, Na+, Cl-) | Before treatment, 2-4 hours after treatment, then as clinically indicated | Administer potassium supplements if hypokalemia develops; adjust fluid management |
| Lung Sounds | Before and after treatment | Report any changes to the physician |
Schedule a follow-up appointment to assess the long-term effects of the treatment and to adjust the dosage or treatment plan as needed. Patient education regarding potential side effects and medication adherence is crucial. Ensure patients understand the importance of reporting any adverse effects.
