Staphylococcus bacteria are a common cause of various infections. Two primary species significantly impact human health: Staphylococcus aureus (often called “staph”) and Staphylococcus epidermidis. S. aureus is known for its ability to cause a wider range of more severe infections.
Staphylococcus aureus Infections
S. aureus can infect the skin, causing boils, impetigo, and cellulitis. It also causes more serious conditions like pneumonia, endocarditis (heart valve infection), and bloodstream infections (bacteremia/septicemia). Food poisoning is another significant consequence of S. aureus toxin production.
Staphylococcus epidermidis Infections
S. epidermidis is generally considered less harmful than S. aureus. It typically colonizes the skin and mucous membranes without causing illness. However, it can cause infections in individuals with weakened immune systems or medical devices such as catheters or prosthetic joints. These infections are often challenging to treat because of the bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics.
The severity of staph infections varies widely depending on the infecting species, the individual’s immune status, and the location of the infection. Prompt medical attention is crucial for effective treatment.
| Staphylococcus aureus | Boils, impetigo, cellulitis, pneumonia, endocarditis, bacteremia, food poisoning | Variable, can range from mild to life-threatening |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | Infections associated with medical devices, bloodstream infections in immunocompromised individuals | Generally less severe, but can be serious in vulnerable populations |
Accurate diagnosis is important for guiding appropriate treatment. Antibiotic susceptibility testing helps determine the most effective antibiotic for a given staph infection. Amoxicillin may be effective for some strains, but resistance is a growing concern. Always follow your doctor’s advice on treatment.
