Ear infections, medically known as otitis media, commonly affect the middle ear. They primarily stem from a viral or bacterial infection. Viral infections, often preceding a bacterial infection, cause inflammation and fluid buildup behind the eardrum.
Bacterial Ear Infections
Bacteria, like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, can cause more serious infections, leading to increased pain and potential complications. These bacteria often colonize the upper respiratory tract and spread to the middle ear via the Eustachian tube, the narrow passage connecting the middle ear to the back of the throat. Children are particularly susceptible due to their shorter, more horizontal Eustachian tubes, making it easier for bacteria to migrate.
Other Contributing Factors
Allergies can contribute to ear infections by causing inflammation and swelling in the Eustachian tube, hindering drainage. Exposure to secondhand smoke further elevates the risk of infection by weakening the immune system and irritating the respiratory tract. Similarly, attending daycare exposes children to more germs increasing their infection chances.
